Ayah Study

Who, when afflicted with calamity, say: "Truly! To Allâh we belong and truly, to Him we shall return."

Now those people have passed away; unto them shall be accounted what they have earned, and unto you, what you have earned; and you will not be judged on the strength of what they did.

ان لوگوں پر جب کوئی مصیبت واقع ہوتی ہے تو کہتے ہیں کہ ہم خدا ہی کا مال ہیں اور اسی کی طرف لوٹ کر جانے والے ہیں

فالصابرين, هم الذين فازوا بالبشارة العظيمة, والمنحة الجسيمة، ثم وصفهم بقوله: { الَّذِينَ إِذَا أَصَابَتْهُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ } وهي كل ما يؤلم القلب أو البدن أو كليهما مما تقدم ذكره. { قَالُوا إِنَّا لِلَّهِ } أي: مملوكون لله, مدبرون تحت أمره وتصريفه, فليس لنا من أنفسنا وأموالنا شيء، فإذا ابتلانا بشيء منها, فقد تصرف أرحم الراحمين, بمماليكه وأموالهم, فلا اعتراض عليه، بل من كمال عبودية العبد, علمه, بأن وقوع البلية من المالك الحكيم, الذي أرحم بعبده من نفسه، فيوجب له ذلك, الرضا عن الله, والشكر له على تدبيره, لما هو خير لعبده, وإن لم يشعر بذلك، ومع أننا مملوكون لله, فإنا إليه راجعون يوم المعاد, فمجاز كل عامل بعمله، فإن صبرنا واحتسبنا وجدنا أجرنا موفورا عنده، وإن جزعنا وسخطنا, لم يكن حظنا إلا السخط وفوات الأجر، فكون العبد لله, وراجع إليه, من أقوى أسباب الصبر.

من صفة هؤلاء الصابرين أنهم إذا أصابهم شيء يكرهونه قالوا: إنَّا عبيد مملوكون لله، مدبَّرون بأمره وتصريفه، يفعل بنا ما يشاء، وإنا إليه راجعون بالموت، ثم بالبعث للحساب والجزاء.

بين تعالى من الصابرون الذين شكرهم فقال الذين إذا أصابتهم مصيبة قالوا إنا لله وإنا إليه راجعون أي تسلوا بقولهم هذا عما أصابهم وعلموا أنهم ملك لله يتصرف في عبيده بما يشاء وعلموا أنه لا يضيع لديه مثقال ذرة يوم القيامة فأحدث لهم ذلك اعترافهم بأنهم عبيده وأنهم إليه راجعون في الدار الآخرة.

The Believer is Patient with the Affliction and thus gains a Reward Allah informs us that He tests and tries His servants, just as He said in another Ayah: وَلَنَبْلُوَنَّكُمْ حَتَّى نَعْلَمَ الْمُجَـهِدِينَ مِنكُمْ وَالصَّـبِرِينَ وَنَبْلُوَ أَخْبَـرَكُمْ (And surely, We shall try you till We test those who strive hard (for the cause of Allah) and As-Sabirin (the patient), and We shall test your facts (i.e., the one who is a liar, and the one who is truthful).) (47:31) Hence, He tests them with the bounty sometimes and sometimes with the afflictions of fear and hunger. Allah said in another Ayah: فَأَذَاقَهَا اللَّهُ لِبَاسَ الْجُوعِ وَالْخَوْفِ (So Allah made it taste extreme of hunger (famine) and fear.) (16:112) The frightened and the hungry persons show the effects of the affliction outwardly and this is why Allah has used here the word `Libas' (cover or clothes) of fear and hunger. In the Ayat above, Allah used the words: بِشَيْءٍ مِّنَ الْخَوفْ وَالْجُوعِ (with something of fear, hunger,) meaning, a little of each. Then (Allah said), وَنَقْصٍ مِّنَ الاٌّمَوَالِ (loss of wealth,) meaning, some of the wealth will be destroyed, وَالاٌّنفُسِ (lives) meaning, losing friends, relatives and loved ones to death, وَالثَّمَرَتِ (and fruits,) meaning, the gardens and the farms will not produce the usual or expected amounts. This is why Allah said next: وَبَشِّرِ الصَّـبِرِينَ (but give glad tidings to As-Sabirin (the patient).) He then explained whom He meant by `the patient' whom He praised: الَّذِينَ إِذَآ أَصَـبَتْهُم مُّصِيبَةٌ قَالُواْ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّـآ إِلَيْهِ رَجِعونَ (Who, when afflicted with calamity, say: "Truly, to Allah we belong and truly, to Him we shall return.") meaning, those who recite this statement to comfort themselves in the face of their loss, know that they belong to Allah and that He does what He wills with His servants. They also know that nothing and no deed, even if it was the weight of an atom, will be lost with Allah on the Day of Resurrection. These facts thus compel them to admit that they are Allah's servants and that their return will be to Him in the Hereafter. This is why Allah said: t أُولَـئِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَلَوَتٌ مِّن رَّبْهِمْ وَرَحْمَةٌ (They are those on whom are the Salawat (i. e., who are blessed and will be forgiven) from their Lord, and (they are those who) receive His mercy,) meaning, Allah's praise and mercy will be with them. Sa`id bin Jubayr added, "Meaning, safety from the torment." وَأُولَـئِكَ هُمُ الْمُهْتَدُونَ (and it is they who are the guided ones.) `Umar bin Al-Khattab commented: "What righteous things, and what a great heights. أُولَـئِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَلَوَتٌ مِّن رَّبْهِمْ وَرَحْمَةٌ (They are those on whom are the Salawat from their Lord, and (they are those who) receive His mercy) are the two righteous things. وَأُولَـئِكَ هُمُ الْمُهْتَدُونَ (and it is they who are the guided ones) are the heights." The heights means more rewards, and these people will be awarded their rewards and more. The Virtue of asserting that We all belong to Allah, during Afflictions There are several Ahadith that mention the rewards of admitting that the return is to Allah by saying: إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّـآ إِلَيْهِ رَجِعونَ ("Truly, to Allah we belong and truly, to Him we shall return.") when afflictions strike. For instance, Imam Ahmad reported that Umm Salamah narrated: Once, Abu Salamah came back after he was with Allah's Messenger ﷺ and said: I heard Allah's Messenger ﷺ recite a statement that made me delighted. He said: «لَا يُصِيبُ أَحَدًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مُصِيبَةٌ فَيَسْتَرْجِعُ عِنْدَ مُصِيبَتِهِ ثُمَّ يقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ أْجُرْنِي فِي مُصِيبَتِي وأَخْلِفْ لِي خَيْرًا مِنْهَا، إِلَّا فَعَلَ ذلِكَ بِه» (No Muslim is struck with an affliction and then says Istirja` when the affliction strikes, and then says: `O Allah! Reward me for my loss and give me what is better than it,' but Allah will do just that.) Umm Salamah said: So I memorized these words. When Abu Salamah died I said Istirja` and said: "O Allah! Compensate me for my loss and give me what is better than it." I then thought about it and said, "Who is better than Abu Salamah" When my `Iddah (the period of time before the widow or divorced woman can remarry) finished, Allah's Messenger ﷺ asked for permission to see me while I was dyeing a skin that I had. I washed my hands, gave him permission to enter and handed him a pillow, and he sat on it. He then asked me for marriage and when he finished his speech, I said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! It is not because I do not want you, but I am very jealous and I fear that you might experience some wrong mannerism from me for which Allah would punish me. I am old and have children." He said: «أمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتِ مِنَ الْغَيْرَةِ فَسَوْفَ يُذْهِبُهَا اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَنْكِ، وَأَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتِ مِنَ السِّنِّ فَقَدْ أَصَابَنِي مِثْلُ الَّذِي أَصَابَكِ، وَأَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتِ مِنَ الْعِيَالِ فَإِنَّمَا عِيَالُكِ عِيَالِي» (As for the jealousy that you mentioned, Allah the Exalted will remove it from you. As for your being old as you mentioned, I have suffered what you have suffered. And for your having children, they are my children too.) She said, "I have surrendered to Allah's Messenger ﷺ." Allah's Messenger ﷺ married her and Umm Salamah said later, "Allah compensated me with who is better than Abu Salamah: Allah's Messenger ﷺ." Muslim reported a shorter version of this Hadith.

اب بیان ہو رہا ہے کہ جن صبر کرنے والوں کی اللہ کے ہاں عزت ہے وہ کون لوگ ہیں ؟ پس فرماتا ہے یہ وہ لوگ ہیں جو تنگی اور مصیبت کے وقت آیت انا للہ) پڑھ لیا کرتے ہیں اور اس بات سے اپنے دل کو تسلی دے لیا کرتے ہیں کہ ہم اللہ کی ملکیت ہیں اور جو ہمیں پہنچا ہے وہ اللہ کی طرف سے ہے اور ان میں جس طرح وہ چاہے تصرف کرتا رہتا ہے اور پھر اللہ کے ہاں اس کا بدلہ ہے جہاں انہیں بالاخر جانا ہے، ان کے اس قول کی وجہ سے اللہ کی نوازشیں اور الطاف ان پر نازل ہوتے ہیں عذاب سے نجات ملتی ہے اور ہدایت بھی نصیب ہوتی ہے۔